GUEST ARTICLE
Musings
on Food Self Sufficiency if TSHTF
Someone
asked me this question about living in North Idaho and got me to thinking:
"How long would natural resources there last
if it hit the fan? Plenty of people must own cabins there, or at least land for
hunting. Of course, if it hit the fan, it would be no different here. Game
would be gone in a few weeks."
In order to answer this question, I think you need to divide it into SHORT TERM
and LONG TERM.
SHORT TERM:
In my opinion if the one in a billion disaster/end
of the world/zombie apocalypse happened, hardly any place is self sufficient in
food given population densities at this time. Even so-called "bread
basket" areas are dependent on tractors, fertilizers, pesticides,
herbicides, irrigation, seeds, etc. You may live in the midwest and surrounded
by fields but how are you going to harvest the crops, store them, process them,
prepare them???? And when spring time comes around, how are you going to plant
the quantity needed without modern technology and fertilizers?
This is why I am such a proponent of having a deep larder and plenty of food
storage. You have to be able to last through the die off and transition stage.
Over several years, the population will level out to the natural carrying
capacity of your area. I think that having SEVERAL YEARS worth of bulk calories
(i.e. wheat, rice, corn, beans, split peas, lentils, sugar, cooking oil or
lard, oatmeal, etc.) would be wise. Yeah, the diet would be pretty monotonous
but that could be supplemented with other food storage, gardening, foraging.
The big thing you are looking at are the total quantity of calories. Budgeting
for 2,500 to 3,000 calories per person per day, would not be excessive by my
reckoning. Luckily for us, most of these bulk calorie items are easy to store
long term.
LONG TERM:
Again, this is imaging a total collapse with no modern technology available
(not very likely IMO, I think some smart folks would be able to get something
cobbled together). How would we fare in North Idaho? One word -- potatoes!
Seriously though, lets look at what you need to be food self sufficient:
WATER: You need a dependable water source or rain that does not rely on
irrigation or a deep well pump. Unlike southern Idaho, North Idaho normally
gets good rainfall. There are also plenty of rivers, lakes and streams. Some
areas irrigate but that just makes for a consistent, higher yield. Even without
irrigation, you would still harvest something. On our homestead, I do not have
a well. We rely on a rain water collection system and have a couple of ponds to
draw water from. Currently, I use a small Honda gas-powered water pump for
watering the yard and garden. However, our irrigation pond is right next to the
garden and we could set up a pitcher pump or haul buckets. Wouldn't be fun, but
it would be possible. It would take a lot of time and labor, though.
FERTILITY: Your soil needs to be fertile without relying on chemical
fertilizers. I recommend that even if you don't garden, that you still do
whatever you can to raise your soil's fertility in case you need to plant. This
means hauling in manure, making compost, etc. My soil is glacial clay from the
last ice age. I started with no "dirt" to speak of. Over the years, I
have created a wonderful garden area that I use to grow food for my family. I
also go through and bring in truckloads of manure and use it to level out areas
of my forest. I don't plant anything there right now, but if I ever needed
to....... I also mulch a LOT. This enables me to use less water and as the
organic material decomposes, adds to my fertility.
Also, potatoes love to be planted in "new" soil. They really don't care
for too rich of soil. So if the unthinkable ever happened, I would till up a
new area and plant it in potatoes and use my fertile area for those plants that
needed it.
DOING THINGS MANUALLY: So imagine that you couldn't get any gas/diesel or your
modern equipment wouldn't work like tractors, rototillers, etc. How do you
plant and harvest? Personally, I turn all my garden by hand using a garden fork
in the spring. I just go out and do one area at a time as the snow is receding.
I do wide row planting so I rarely walk on and compact my beds. I have also
added sand and organic material so my garden soil doesn't get too packed
down.
The only time I use a rototiller is when I relocate my
strawberry bed every five years. After sitting for five years, the soil is
rather hard to turn by hand. Mulching also helps keep the worms happy and they
help loosen your soil.
If I had to expand my garden and had a little time before we
lost all technology, I would prioritize using the last of my diesel fuel in the
tractor (This is assuming that the tractor still runs) to till up new
areas. Once the initial tilling is done, I could keep them up with my
garden fork.
HARVESTING: I do all my harvesting manually so I would just continue doing the
same thing. Though I do own hand sickles and scythes for grain and hay harvest
if needed.
Speaking of grain, I have experimented to see what grain grows best at my
location. I have had excellent luck with MILLET, WHEAT, and PAINTED MOUNTAIN
CORN. I am planning future experiments with hull-less oats, sunflowers for oil,
and rye. I have had bad experience with buckwheat. It was hard to thresh out
and the chickens didn't care for it anyway.
Hay harvest was really bad up here this year due to the abnormal heat. Even
with a dozen phone calls, I have yet to locate even one ton. We have 1 goat and
2 sheep to feed over winter. So this year I am experimenting with drying
our grass clipping and storing them in old feed sacks. When we planted our
yard, we used pasture mix. So we have a mixture of grasses, clover, plantain,
dandelion, etc. I have several old sliding glass screen doors that I set on
sawhorses and put the grass on to dry. I turn it once and usually in one or two
days it is dry enough to store.
I am also going to try a fodder system this year and sprout
barley. So hopefully between the lawn clippings and fodder, my animals will be
well fed. I am still planning on getting some hay but I am curious to see if I
can get more self sufficient in our animal feed.
So how do I feed my chickens? Currently, we buy our lay pellets and grain. If
the unthinkable happened, I would butcher out some chickens so I would only
have enough to produce eggs for our family. I would stretch our grain to last
as long as possible. During the summer, we weed the garden and feed all the
greens to the chickens. All of our scraps from the kitchen also go to them. I
don't usually let them free range because we live in the middle of the woods
with predators all around.
I have thought about setting up a string of mouse traps to catch
mice for protein. Plus it would keep the rodent population down. I do have
portable pens I could put them in so they could get bugs. I would expand the
garden and grow some grain for them. I think chickens are a great homestead
animal because they provide eggs/meat and they act as garbage disposals.
STORING THE BOUNTY: I have read several sources that stated that pioneer
families would often can 1,000 jars a year. If you divide that by the number of
days in a year, that is a little less than 3 jars a day to eat. Obviously, you
would use less in the summer while eating out of the garden and more in the
winter. So I make sure that I stockpile lots of jars, lids and Tattler lids.
Meat, vegetables, fruit, juices, jams, etc are all fairly easy to can. Get
yourself the equipment and a Ball Canning Book and you're ready to Rock and
Roll.
I am also a big proponent of root cellaring. It is less labor intensive than
canning. Carrots, potatoes, beets, cabbage. apples, celery, onions, and garlic
are all things that I put away for the winter. If you don't have a way to root
cellar and you believe that hard times are coming, I would make putting in a
root cellar a priority. Check out the book, "Root Cellaring" by Nancy
Bubel.
Produce can also be dried. I do a little of this. I dry lovage, basil, celery
leaves, apples, and jerky. In the past, I have also dried zucchini, mushrooms,
onions, tomatoes, berries, pineapple, etc. During the fall, I use collapsible
cookie cooling racks on my wood cook stove. I can stack them four high.
HUNTING: In a long term survival situation, I am not sure how much you could
count on hunting. During the Great Depression, many animals were almost hunted
out. If disaster struck, I would probably make it a priority to hunt early
before I needed to and then can the meat to save it for later. If you wait,
there might not be anything left.
FORAGING: Make it a point now to start including various wild vittles into your
diet. Mushrooms, berries, greens like watercress and nettle, are a good place
to start. Rose hips and fir/spruce needle tea are good sources of vitamin C. We
also harvest mint that is growing wild for teas.
Overall, I think my best advice is to make sure that you could produce at least
some of your food using the lowest amount of technology or modern input, have
plenty of long term food storage for bulk calories and be able to expand your
growing operation as the situation warrants.
Idaho Homesteader
END